The National Center for Theoretical Sciences (NCTS) was established on August 1, 1997 by the National Science Council (NSC),
the predecessor of the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) of the Republic of China, Taiwan.
The community of theoretical sciences in Taiwan has benefited considerably from its establishment since.
 
During the first phase (1997-2003), the NCTS was located in the National Tsing Hua University (NTHU) in Hsinchu. During the second
(2004-2008) and the third phase (2009-2014), the headquarter remained in the NTHU, while the newly established Taipei Office and
Tainan Office were located in the National Taiwan University (NTU) and the National Cheng Kung University, respectively. Starting
from January 2015, the NCTS was restructured. As a consequence, the Mathematics Division of NCTS moved to the campus of the
National Taiwan University. It is now in its fifth phase (2021-2025) of operation and its offices now occupy the 4th and the 5th floor
of the Cosmology Building inside the NTU campus.
 
The objectives of the NCTS  Mathematics Division  are four-fold.

1. The Center aims to be an international center of excellence in theoretical sciences.
2.  The Center aims to serve all theoretical scientists in Taiwan.
3.  The Center aims to train talented students to become the next generation of scientists of Taiwan, and to provide a pleasant and stimulating learning environment for young researchers on their way to become established scientists.
4.  The Center aims to promote interdisciplinary research among theoretical sciences and their applications.

The core of NCTS Mathematics Division consists of topical programs. The current programs include:
A. Number Theory and Representation Theory, B. Algebraic Geometry, C. Differential Geometry and Geometric Analysis,
D. Differential Equations and Stochastic Analysis, E. Scientific Computing, F. Interdisciplinary Studies. Each of these topical
programs is led by a program committee. To realize the above objectives, the NCTS hosts short-term or long-term visiting
scholars and also appoints several NCTS Scholars and Center Scientists every year. In addition, the NCTS also offers several
positions for post-doctoral fellows and research assistants. Proposals for scientific programs are welcome as well.